Global norms and capacity building: Safe use of wastewater

Use of wastewater and sludge for agriculture and aquaculture present opportunity to recover valuable water and nutrients from waste and is increasing attractive in the context of growing climate-related water scarcity and the circular economy. However, without safe management, use of wastewater can be a major driver of outbreaks and disease. In 2006, WHO published a third edition of its Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater in agriculture and aquaculture. In four volumes, these Guidelines propose a flexible approach of risk assessment and risk management linked to health-based targets that can be established at a level that is realistic under local conditions. The approach is to be backed-up by strict monitoring measures. WHO and partner are prioritizing and update to these guidelines.